About color expertise

CIE LAB Color Space (CIE LAB color space)

The CMC tolerance method, using the ellipse as the range of the visual color difference, results in a closer look than the human eye, and thus many industries believe that the CMC representation of the color difference is more accurate than the CIELAB representation.

CMC (Color Measurement Committee)

CMC is the British Association of Dyes and Painters, presenting an elliptic ΔE formula in the CIELAB color space.

Color Space

3D geometry that describes the color.

Color Temperature

The color light emitted by the object when it is heated. The color temperature is usually expressed in terms of absolute temperature or Kelvin degree. The low color temperature is 2400°K in red, the high color temperature is 9300°K in blue, and the neutral color temperature is 6500°K in gray.

Colorimeter

An optical measuring instrument that simulates the human eye's response to red, green, and blue light.

D50

The CIE standard illuminator with a color temperature of 5000°K. In the printing industry, this color temperature is more widely used to make observation light boxes.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic wave radiation bands that propagate in the air in different sizes are represented by wavelengths. Different wavelengths have different properties, and many bands are invisible to the human eye. Only electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 380 nm and 720 nm is a visible light wave that the human eye can see. Outside the visible light waves are invisible, such as T-rays, X-rays, microwaves, and wireless waves.

Fluorescent Lamp

The glass bulb is filled with mercury gas and the inner wall is coated with a fluorescent lamp. When the gas is excited with a current, the generated radiation is converted into fluorescence energy that causes the fluorescence to luminesce.

Hue (hue)

The basic color of the object, such as red, green, purple, etc., can be determined using the angular position of the cylindrical color space or the position on the color wheel.

Lightness (lightness)

The degree of color depth.

Illuminant (lighting body)

The spectral distribution is used to describe the light source energy distribution.

Llluminant A (A light source)

The CIE standard light source represented by an incandescent lamp is an orange-yellow color with a correlated color temperature of 2856°K.

Llluminant C (C light source)

A typical light source represented by a tungsten lamp that simulates the average daylight, such as blue, has a correlated color temperature of 6,774 °K.

Llluminant F (F light source)

CIE standard light sources represented by fluorescent lamps; F2 for cool white fluorescent lamps (4200°K); F7 for broadband daylight fluorescent lamps (6500°K); F11 for narrow-band white fluorescent lamps (4200°K).

L*C*H

Similar to CIELAB's color space, rectangular coordinates can be used in place of standard coordinates for color brightness, color, and hue angle.

Metamerism

When a pair of colors is under the same light source, the colors presented are the same, but under another light source, the colors present are different, and this phenomenon is “half-colored”.

Opacity

The hiding power index can reflect the ability of the coating ink to cover the substrate. If the hiding power is higher, it means that the paint or the ink is not easily affected by the color of the substrate when it is applied, and the color of the coating or the ink is changed.

Reflectance curve/Spectral curve

A chart depicting the reflectivity of an object for different wavelengths of light.

Reflectance

Describe the percentage of light reflected from the surface of the object. Use the spectrophotometer to measure the reflectivity of the object in different intervals along the visible spectrum. If the visible spectrum is the abscissa and the reflectance is the ordinate, the spectral curve of the object color can be drawn. .

Spectrophotometer (Spectrophotometer)

A measuring instrument that measures light waves through the object's reflective or transmissive properties and represents the measurement results as spectral data.

Specular Excluded(SCE,SPEX,Ex) (exclude specular reflection)

When measuring an object with an integrating sphere spectrophotometer, the specular reflection of the object cannot be measured. Therefore, when the measurement excludes specular data, the instrument will consider the effect of the surface texture of the object on the color.

Specular lncluded (SCI, SPIN, In) (including specular reflections)

When using an integrating sphere instrument to measure an object, the specular reflection of the object is measured together. Therefore, when the measurement contains specular reflection data, the instrument only measures the color data of the object, regardless of the surface texture.

Strength

The strength is to calculate the batch difference between the pigment and the pigment.

Tolerance

Acceptable difference between standard and sample measurements. (See Delta error)

Whiteness

Whiteness is the degree of expression of white color, widely used by the printing and textile industries.

Yellowness

Yellowness refers to the deviation of color from standard white and is widely used by the plastics industry.

Llluminant D (D light source)

The CIE standard light source, represented by fluorescent lamps, is based on the real measured spectrum of sunlight, with a correlated color temperature of 6504°K. D50, D65, and D75, etc. are the most commonly used color temperatures.