Design proofing color management three steps

Due to the different ways of processing colors between different devices (scanners, monitors, printers, and printers), the color space of each device is different, so the phenomenon of color mismatch is inevitable. For any device, there must be some color outside its color gamut.
Ideally, color should maintain color stability and predictability throughout the design and printing process. However, this requirement for color cannot be achieved naturally, and the color management system (CMS) can overcome this problem to help people achieve the desired color stability and predictability.
CMS manages the gamut space of different devices in the workflow, converts scanned RGB color data to CMYK data, and also converts CMYK data to CMYK values ​​for different output devices for color proofing or actual printing.
The basis of color management is to ensure that all devices are in the color reproduction system. To achieve the goal of color management, we must go through three color management steps: device calibration, characterization calibration, and color gamut conversion.
For equipment calibration, some people think that the term “equipment calibration” refers to all the steps to get accurate color, perhaps meaning that the copied color is calibrated to match the original color. However, in fact, calibration equipment is only one of the three steps of color management. The calibration itself does not guarantee the matching of colors. It only calibrates the performance of the equipment itself and only guarantees the equipment (eg scanners, monitors, printers). Reaching its prescribed index provides a way to ensure that it will work stably for a period of time.
Characterization calibration (PRoFiliNg) is a method of measuring and quantifying the color space, color gamut, and color characteristics of a particular device under known circumstances. It is used to determine how to acquire color or record color when an input device or an output device is calibrated. Characterization calibration is the process of actually creating your device description file for scanners, monitors, printers, and more.
To achieve characterization calibration requires the device itself to be equipped with a high-performance color sensor, with which color management software can be used in order to implement a true characterization calibration; otherwise these devices must rely on a separate calibration device (such as a color tone meter) , In conjunction with color management software, characteristic calibration can be achieved.
Color gamut conversion (color transfer): This is the process of converting image colors from one device's gamut data to another device's gamut data. Through color management software (commonly known as RTP software), color gamut conversion can be achieved manually or automatically. Switching between the gamuts of different devices is often referred to as gamut mapping.