History of furniture development: Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, ancient Daya furniture

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Today, let us share together - the elegance of ancient furniture!

The Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were the heyday of the development of Chinese feudal society. With the development of handicrafts and commercial trade, furniture became popular. At this time, the furniture is no longer a living object, but is attached with an aesthetic symbol. Compared with the seats before the Han Dynasty, people have more furniture choices.

The furniture of the Tang Dynasty was born in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Because of the tendency to sit down as a trend, high-grade furniture developed rapidly, and a complete combination of new high-end furniture appeared. The development of Chinese furniture to the Tang Dynasty entered a new era. The appearance of the furniture in front of the Six Dynasties was changed to form a Tang style furniture style that was smooth and feminine and graceful.

Typical high-profile furniture, such as chairs, stools, tables, etc., is very popular in the upper class. At this time, the Tang Dynasty furniture has the characteristics of high, delicate and gentle, with wooden furniture. There is no such thing as a handed down furniture in the Tang Dynasty. To understand the furnishings of the Tang Dynasty, it is basically only possible to use imagery such as paintings and unearthed murals, as well as a small number of unearthed models.

The furniture of the Tang Dynasty was further developed to a high level, which was manifested in the increase in the variety of sitting furniture and the appearance of the table. "Tongya" records: "Yi Zhuo (chair table) name is found in the Tang and Song Dynasties." The six dynasties have chair stools, the Tang Dynasty is more popular, the height of the case is based on the sitting surface, the seat is high, the appearance of the table The trend is inevitable. The high-grade furniture has a series of influences on the height of the living room, the size of the objects and the decoration of the objects. During this period, furniture has developed into a complete set, and the types have increased, and can be classified according to the right to use. Can be roughly divided into: sitting class, such as stools, chairs, piers, beds, couches, etc.; chairs, items, such as several, cases, tables, etc.; storage, such as cabinets, boxes, urns, etc.; Such as hangers, towel racks, etc.; other screens. The crescent stool of the Tang Dynasty is graceful and graceful, with a unique and exquisite shape, and is beautifully decorated. It is the most modern furniture. The crescent stool is unified with the image of the Tang Dynasty ladies who are full of grace and grace. It can be said that the crescent stool is the representative of the Tang Dynasty furniture style.

Tang and Wudai furniture were the source of the development of Han furniture in the Song Dynasty, but Song-style furniture was the source of Ming and Qing furniture. The Song Dynasty was an important development period for Chinese furniture. The Han Dynasty arts and crafts in the Song Dynasty had an elegant and straightforward artistic style. Its furniture, ceramics, lacquerware, dyed and woven fabrics were quaint and elegant, the colors were pure, and the introverted innocence, no matter how carved, with a simple win, give The light and elegant feeling of people.

In the Song Dynasty, the high-sitting chairs such as chairs and stools that were sitting on the ground were popular among the people, ending the custom of sitting for thousands of years. The furniture of the Song Dynasty is characterized by simple and simple shape and reasonable structure. The furniture of the Song Dynasty also attached importance to the relationship between the size and structure and the human body. The craftsmanship is rigorous, the shape is beautiful, and the use is convenient.

The Ming Dynasty family has broad and narrow meanings. The generalized Ming style furniture emphasizes a "style" word, no matter when it is made in the Ming Dynasty or after the Ming Dynasty, and no matter the precious materials and general materials, as long as it has the Ming Dynasty furniture style, it is called "Ming-style furniture". In the narrow sense, it refers to the beautiful and beautiful furniture that was produced in the early Qing Dynasty.

The 16th Ming Dynasty furniture includes: concise, simple, thick, dignified, majestic, round, Shen Mu, Qiang Hua, Wen Yu, Yu Xiu, Jin Ting, soft, ethereal, exquisite, elegant, fresh; eight diseases are cumbersome, Rehabilitation, bloated, stagnation, slenderness, embarrassment, loss of position, vulgarity.

With the further development of the handicraft industry, furniture has become a commodity of circulation, and many scholars have participated in interior design and furniture-induced research. These have contributed to the great development of furniture in the Ming Dynasty. On the basis of inheriting the furniture tradition of the Song Dynasty, Ming Dynasty furniture was carried forward and promoted. It is not only complete in variety, but also has many styles, and the materials are exquisite, the shape is simple and generous, the production is rigorous and accurate, the structure is reasonable and standardized, and the stable Ming Dynasty furniture style is gradually formed. Ancient furniture was pushed to the peak.

From the beginning of the Qing Dynasty furniture to the formation of an independent system, roughly from the early years of Qing Emperor Kangxi to the four or fifty years of his later years, it is inextricably linked with the influence of Manchu culture.

The overall size of the Qing style furniture is more than that of the Ming style furniture, pursuing a wider, thicker and more luxurious atmosphere, and the corresponding partial size is also increased. Qing style furniture is the most cumbersome and complicated decoration, so its decoration is extremely gorgeous. The production techniques bring together a variety of handicrafts such as carving, inlay, lacquer, painting, pile lacquer, and rhinoceros.

In the Qing Dynasty, the furniture was combined with different rooms such as halls, bedrooms and study rooms. The classification was detailed and the functions were clear. Its main features are that the style is solemn, the carvings are heavy, the volume is large, and the grandeur is magnificent. It has been separated from the simple and temperament of the furniture since the Song and Ming dynasties, forming the style of the Qing Dynasty furniture.

The furniture craftsmanship has always been cumbersome in the Qing Dynasty, and it has been pursued blindly and richly. Because of the luxuriant carvings, the aesthetic sense of some styles has surpassed the practical value.

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