Prepress basics (below)

3, layout design and layout specifications layout should be based on the printing layout requirements layout design. For example, when printing a book, you need to pay attention to the size of the book, the type of layout (horizontal or vertical), the font size of the text, the number of lines per page, the number of words per line, words and characters, and lines and lines. Intervals, the number of pages in the column and the number of words in each column, the distance between the column and the column, the placement of the page number and page number, the position and size of the header and footer, and so on.
In the text typesetting, we must also pay attention to some banned rules, such as the beginning of each paragraph to be empty two words, at the beginning of the line can not be arranged with a period, comma, burst, semicolon, colon, question mark, exclamation mark and under Quotes, lower brackets, and next-page punctuation marks cannot include upper quotation marks, upper parentheses, and uppercase names, and Chinese serial numbers such as 123, etc., numbers, years, chemical formulas, and signs before the numbers. Temperature identifiers and foreign words in single syllables should not be separated into two rows.
Second, paper and paper are one of the important contents that pre-press workers need to pay attention to, which determines the maximum range of printed products.
1. Composition of paper Paper is a kind of material made from plant fibers by adding fillers, rubber compounds, pigments, etc. into a processing material.
The raw materials that make up paper are straw, bamboo, cotton, and available waste. Depending on the raw materials, the nature of the formed paper will also be different.
Fillers are materials used to increase the flexibility of paper, reduce paper transparency and stretchability, and make the surface of the paper even and even, such as talc for general printing paper, kaolin for high grade paper, and barium sulfate. The use of filler should be appropriate, usually about 20% of the paper, too much will reduce the resistance and flexibility of the thread, and will hinder the absorption of ink, resulting in the powder off when printing.
The rubber compound is used to fill the small pores in the paper to improve the water resistance of the paper, and it can also improve the gloss and strength of the paper and prevent the paper from fluffing. Commonly used rubber compounds are rosin, alum and starch.
The colorants are used to enhance the color purity of paper, and most of them use inorganic pigments or organic dyes.
2, paper specifications Paper according to the different uses of the printing can be divided into flat sheet and roll paper, flat sheet paper for general printing presses, webs are generally used for high-speed rotary presses.
The size of the paper is generally produced according to the standards set by the country. The base paper sizes for printing, writing, and drawing papers are: web widths of 1575mm, 1092mm, 880mm, and 787mm; flat paper sizes are divided by size: 880mm×1230mm, 850mm×1168mm, 880mm×1092mm, and 787mm. There are six types including 1092 mm, 787 mm×960 mm, and 690 mm×960 mm.
The standard for books and magazines and paper size is specified by the state of 880mm × 1230mm, 900mm × 1280mm, and 1000mm × 1400mm uncut paper sizes. Due to equipment, production, supply, and other reasons, the original 787mm × 1092mm, 850mm × 1168mm size paper, can still continue to use, but it should be noted that this size is to be phased out of the old standard format, after the paper size will New national standards transition.
In the coastal areas, because of the large number of foreign-funded printing companies, many printing organizations still widely use some old versions of paper. Their specifications and sizes after cutting are shown in the figure.
The weight of the paper is expressed in terms of weight and weight. It is generally expressed in terms of quantification, which is what we commonly call "weight." Quantitative refers to the mass relationship of the unit area of ​​paper, expressed in g/m2. For example, 150g of paper means that the weight per sheet of this type of paper is 150g. Paper with a weight of 200 g/m2 or less (including 200 g/m2) is called "paper", and a paper with a weight exceeding 200 g/m2 is called "cardboard." The order weight refers to the total mass of paper per order (1 sheet for 500 sheets) and the unit is calculated in kg (kg). According to the paper's weight and size, the weight can be calculated using the formula of weight (kg) = paper size (m2) × 500 × g (m/m2).