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Digital video:
Digital video is to use a video capture device such as a camera to convert the color and brightness information of the external image into an electrical signal, and then record it to the storage medium.
Camera:
The camera is a key component in the machine vision system, and its most essential function is to transform the optical signal into an ordered electrical signal. Choosing the right camera is also an important link in the design of the machine vision system. The camera not only directly determines the resolution and quality of the collected images, but also directly relates to the operating mode of the entire system.
Resolution:
The number of pixels (Pixels) of the image collected by the camera each time, generally corresponds directly to the number of pixels of the photoelectric sensor for digital cameras, and depends on the video format for analog cameras, 768 * 576 for PAL and 640 * for NTSC 480.
Pixel Depth:
That is, the number of bits per pixel data is generally 8Bit, and for digital cameras there are generally 10Bit, 12Bit, etc.
Maximum Frame Rate / Line Rate:
The rate at which the camera collects and transmits images is generally the number of frames per second (Frames / Sec.) Collected for area array cameras and the number of lines (Hz) collected per second for linear array cameras.
Exposure method (Exposure) and shutter speed (Shutter):
For linear array cameras, it is a line-by-line exposure method. You can choose a fixed line frequency and external trigger synchronization acquisition method. The exposure time can be the same as the line cycle, or you can set a fixed time; Several common methods such as exposure and rolling line exposure, digital cameras generally provide the function of external trigger image acquisition. Shutter speed is generally up to 10 microseconds, and high-speed cameras can be faster.
Pixel size (Pixel Size):
The pixel size and the number of pixels (resolution) together determine the size of the camera target surface. At present, the pixel size of digital cameras is generally 3μm-10μm.
Spectral response characteristics (Spectral Range):
Refers to the sensitivity characteristics of the pixel sensor to different light waves. The general response range is 350nm-1000nm. Some cameras add a filter in front of the target to filter out infrared light. If the system needs to be sensitive to infrared light, the filter can be removed.
Target size:
Refers to the size of the camera's photosensitive chip, which is 1 inch, 2/3 inch, 1/2 inch, 1/3 inch, 1/4 inch, etc. The smaller the number of inches, the smaller the field of view.
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