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Outdoor furniture refers to furniture used in outdoor or semi-outdoor spaces. The main types are furniture for tables and chairs, suitable for parks, roadsides, plazas, balconies, bathing beaches and swimming pools. In addition to good weather resistance and absolute waterproof performance, outdoor furniture should pay more attention to human factors. It is an important part of environmental facilities and an important element of the social environment of “creating freedom and equality and full of human careâ€.
one. What should be considered in the humanized design of outdoor furniture
Users of outdoor furniture, whether they are elderly, young people or children, should have some commonalities and characteristics that satisfy the overall outdoor environment or the needs of most people. These characteristics are important elements for the humanization of outdoor furniture. The humanized design content of outdoor furniture should include the following aspects:
1) Comfort. The comfort of outdoor furniture means that the user can experience the feeling of being relaxed and comfortable, and experience the beautiful outdoor environment, so as to avoid being harmed by the noisy environment. The design of outdoor furniture can not deviate from the comfort and pursue the functionality. It should take into account the physiological factors of human beings, such as the degree of muscle fatigue and the distribution of body pressure. At the same time, we must also consider the psychological elements of people, from the psychological effects of people to aesthetic associations, and even human values ​​and life consciousness.
2) Security. Safety is the primary consideration for human survival. Outdoor furniture should take into account its users and the impact on the surrounding environment. For example, wrought iron outdoor furniture should avoid sharp shapes and use a sleek flexible turning pattern to avoid danger during use.
3) Identification. The identifiability of outdoor furniture directly affects the functionality of the outdoor furniture itself, and the good recognition performance guides the user to use and operate the outdoor environment facilities reasonably. For example, the use of eye-catching colors is a common design method, and it is also possible to use a unique shape to distinguish it from the surrounding environment, thus providing good visual guidance.
4) Caring. The essence of outdoor furniture design is to introduce the concept of humanistic care into outdoor life, which reflects the high importance attached to people's outdoor living conditions and the affirmation and shaping of the ideal personality for all-round development. In order to reflect the care of outdoor furniture for people, you can use the technical aesthetics of ergonomics and interface design to achieve a "harmonious dialogue" between people and furniture. At the same time, attention should be paid to the pertinence of the products. For example, the foldable outdoor furniture in a specific occasion should be simple and easy to use. The outdoor furniture designed for children should be highly adjustable, and the use should conform to the children's psychology and usage habits.
5) Harmony. The harmony of outdoor furniture is mainly reflected in three aspects. First, outdoor furniture should achieve harmony and unity among its own various modeling elements; secondly, it should achieve harmony between outdoor furniture; finally, between outdoor furniture and outdoor environment. It must also be harmonious. In short, outdoor furniture should have the characteristics of organic combination of artificial furniture and natural environment, and fully reflect the organic unity of “human – furniture – environmentâ€.
two. Factors affecting the humanized design of outdoor furniture
According to the system view of “human – furniture – environmentâ€, the factors affecting the design of outdoor furniture mainly include three aspects: the factors of outdoor environment, the factors of furniture itself and the factors of users. However, for outdoor furniture design, due to the great uncertainty of outdoor environment factors, some people are difficult to change, so the main factors affecting the humanized design of outdoor furniture include the furniture itself and the user. (Table 1) is shown.
three. Principles and methods of humanized design of outdoor furniture
1) Design principles
For the humanized outdoor furniture design, in order to better meet its outdoor functions, enrich the outdoor life, especially the urban humanistic spirit, and highlight the humanized design features, three principles should be followed: the principle of integrity, the principle of people-oriented, and the principle of ecology.
(a) The principle of integrity. Coordination with the outdoor environment is the basic requirement for outdoor furniture design. If one or several sets of outdoor furniture are relatively strong in their own harmony, but put them into an outdoor environment, if it is incompatible with the surrounding, such outdoor furniture will Not a perfect piece of work, because it is outside the overall environment and loses the meaning of outdoor furniture.
(b) The principle of people-centeredness. As the main body of outdoor activities, outdoor furniture is designed to meet the needs of people. Therefore, the design of outdoor furniture should adhere to the principle of people-oriented, and pay attention to the physiological and psychological feelings of users during design, so that people can be extended and expanded in these two aspects, and the use is more convenient and more comfortable, thus realizing human existence. The value and significance of improving the quality of life for people outside. At the same time, outdoor furniture should take into account the barrier-free design, thus facilitating the vulnerable groups of users.
(c) Ecological principles. The ecological design principle refers to the design principles and methods that the product closely considers the ecology and human health throughout the life cycle of raw material selection, production, transportation, use and disposal. In the design of outdoor furniture, it is necessary to consider the use of materials that do not destroy the ecological balance, and optimize the processing technology. It should also consider a series of ecological factors related to the scrapping and recycling of products, so as to design green outdoor furniture. .
2) Design method
The design of outdoor furniture is a process of information accumulation, selection and performance from the external form, and it is the sorting and sublimation of information about the outdoor environment. The outdoor environmental information has been processed by a series of designers to form a blueprint for outdoor furniture. This process includes the determination of specific design principles, materials, processing methods and technical requirements for outdoor furniture, as well as the proposed humanization. Planning activities such as specific methods and deployment to solve problems. After the design of the accumulation and selection, the outdoor furniture should be expressed in the actual materialized form, which will eventually act as the intermediary of the human and the environment, as shown in (Table 2).
The products are constantly updated in the “conversation†with the external environment. After any product is put into use, there will be a variety of feedback information, and outdoor furniture is no exception. Designers should analyze and summarize these feedbacks to absorb nutrients, especially paying special attention to the user's feedback on the humanization of outdoor furniture, so as to develop a remediation plan to facilitate further design.
In short, the design of outdoor furniture must use a systematic way of thinking, and its humanized design must comprehensively consider the interaction of various factors, and strive to create people, people and furniture, people and the environment, furniture and the environment, and the inner and inner body of human beings. The harmonious relationship between people, so that people's freedom, equality, dignity, kindness and care, so that the good value is fully played and embodied, thus greatly improving people's quality of life.
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