The Development and Problems of Chinese Book Printing Industry

In order to promote the development of China's printing industry and make it better serve the construction of the three civilizations, the relevant government departments have successively issued the “Provisional Regulations on the Establishment of Foreign-invested Printing Enterprises”, “Interim Provisions on the Use of Foreign Capital to Transform State-owned Enterprises,” and “State-owned Large and Medium-sized Enterprises. Reorganization of enterprises, implementation of diversion and other related policies and regulations. In addition, the customs deployment announced in early 2002, once again reduced the import tariffs on some imported printing equipment, paper and paper products, which all provide a broader space for the development of China's printing industry in the new summer. In particular, the increase in the amount of printed material in the press and publication industry in 2002 directly stimulated the development of the book printing industry in China and maintained a steady development momentum.

The Basic Situation of Printing in 2002

The China Printing and Equipment Equipment Industry Association and the Beijing Printing Group Limited current company jointly investigated 141 printing companies in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. In 2002, all indicators have increased by a certain margin compared with 2001. The main reason is that the surveyed enterprises are basically the backbone enterprises of printing books and periodicals in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. With the strong support of the superior authorities, these enterprises have continuously intensified their reform and reform efforts in the fierce market competition, and have now become more powerful printing companies representing the development direction of China's book printing industry. For example, Shanxi Xinhua Printing Group Co., Ltd. and Hunan Xinhua Printing Group, which were successively established in August and December 2001, were put into operation in 2002. From the perspective of the production of the units and the completion of major economic indicators in one year, Have achieved good economic benefits.

In 2002, there were more than 20 books and periodicals printing companies such as Beijing Zhongke Printing Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Printing Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Printing Co., Ltd., and Anhui Xinhua Printing Co., Ltd., which were formally reformed. They also entered the top 100 printing companies in China. ("Print Manager" survey).

At the same time, production indicators and major economic indicators of national and provincial publications printed fixed-point enterprises have improved. According to the “Basic Situation of the National Press and Publishing Industry in 2002” issued by the press and publication arrangement, in 2002, there were 1,155 fixed-point (national fixed-point, provincial-level designated, and now cancelled) corporate printing and publication publications at the two levels, five fewer than in 2001. . Among them: there are 286 national fixed-point enterprises (including 79 national fixed-point enterprises in the publishing system); 869 provincial-level fixed-point enterprises (including 79 national fixed-point enterprises in the publishing system); and 869 provincial-level fixed-point enterprises, 5 fewer than in 2001. In 2002, the percentages of increase and decrease in the completion of production indicators and major economic indicators of fixed-point enterprises at the two levels are as follows.

1. Two-point fixed-point production indicators

(1) The book type was 16.899 billion words, a decrease of 1.23% compared to 2001. Among them, 6.792 billion words (accounting for 41.28% of the total) of the country's designated enterprises fell by 0.53% compared with 2001.

(2) Book printing was 66.8734 million reams, an increase of 8.1% over 2001. The national fixed-point enterprises completed 33.416 million reams (accounting for 49.97% of the total volume of books and periodicals), an increase of 8.29% over 2001.

(3) 141,903,200 pairs of color printing offset printing, an increase of 13.21% over 2001. Among them, the national fixed-point enterprises completed 79,262,000 pairs of color-changing orders (accounting for 55.86% of the total offset printing volume), an increase of 20.83% over 2001.

(4) Book binding was 53.353 million reams, an increase of 14.54% over 2001. The national fixed-point enterprises completed 330,412,800 reams (61.7% of the total bound volume), an increase of 17.48% over 2001.

(5) Relevant printing materials were 10.7643 million reams, an increase of 17.91% over 2001. Among them, the national designated fixed-use enterprise paper was 53.8866 million reams (50.52% of the total paper consumption), an increase of 18.73% over 2001.

Analysis: In 2002, printing and fixed-point enterprises of two levels of books and periodicals, except for a slight decrease in the amount of typesetting compared to 2001, were printed in books and periodicals, offset printing, and bound in books and books in 2001 to varying degrees. With the promotion and application of computer technology in the publishing field, books and magazines are being formatted and plate-making has shifted from books and periodicals printing companies to publishing companies and special enterprises for typesetting and platemaking. This is an inevitable trend of technological development.

China's cross-media publishing has developed rapidly, which undoubtedly brings about a certain impact on traditional paper carrier publications. However, in 2002, book printing, offset printing, and book binding for two-tier printed publications were up 8.1%, 13.21%, and 14.54%, respectively, compared to 2001. This fully shows that, influenced by the characteristics of people's reading and paper-based publications, the absolute amount of printed books and periodicals will increase year by year in the coming years. According to the Press and Publication Development Plan formulated by the General Administration of Press and Publication, in order to meet the needs of the development of the press and publishing industry, by 2010 the print production capacity of books and periodicals will reach 1.5 times that of 2000, and the production capacity of multicolor offset printing will be twice that of 2000. .

2. The main economic indicators of two fixed-point enterprises

(1) The total industrial output value was 150.03 million yuan (calculated at 1990 constant prices), a decrease of 1.16% from 2001. The fixed-point enterprises of the state completed 7.197 billion yuan (accounting for 47.97% of the total industrial output value), a decrease of 1.02% compared with 2001.

In the total industrial output value, the output value of books and periodicals was 9.997 billion yuan (accounting for 62.51% of the total industrial output value), an increase of 4.85% over 2001. The fixed-point enterprises of the state completed 5.017 billion yuan (accounting for 50.28% of the output value of books and periodicals), an increase of 15.31% over 2001.

(2) The industrial sales value of 14.289 billion yuan (calculated at 1990 constant prices), an increase of 1.62% over 2001. Among them, the national fixed-point enterprises completed 6.981 billion yuan (accounting for 48.49% of the industrial sales value), an increase of 6.99% over 2001.

3. National fixed economy main economic indicators

(1) The sales revenue of products was 7.389 billion yuan, an increase of 2.33% over 2001.

(2) The industrial added value (current price) was 3.226 billion yuan, an increase of 3.31% over 2001.

Analysis: The output value of books and periodicals, the output value of industrial sales, the product sales revenue of national fixed-point enterprises, and the four major economic indicators of industrial added value in the industrial output value of fixed-point enterprises at two levels have all increased to varying degrees compared to 2001, but the growth rate is not significant. , indicating that the overall efficiency of the national book printing companies is not high.

4. Book printing national fixed-point corporate profits and losses

(1) There are 286 state fixed-point enterprises and 199 profit-making units (down from 6 in 2001), accounting for 69.6% of the country's fixed-point enterprises. The total profit was 281 million yuan, a decrease of 30.96% from 2001.

(2) Book printing The national fixed-point enterprises suffered losses of 85 (up from 6 in 2001), accounting for 29.4% of the country's fixed-point enterprises, and the loss was 149 million yuan, an increase of 9.56% from 2001.

(3) Profits and losses offset the profit by 132 million yuan, a decrease of 51.29% from 2001.

Analysis: The production of fixed-point enterprises in state publications has increased, profitable companies have decreased, and total profits have fallen; loss-making enterprises have increased, losses have increased, profits and losses have been offset, and actual profits have fallen, and the decline has been significant. There are many reasons for this situation. The first is the reduction of the printing price, and the second is because the printing capacity of books and periodicals is greater than the actual demand for printing. In order to occupy the market, vicious competition between enterprises, mutual price, some prices even close to or lower than the cost price, take the dike outside the embankment to compensate for the purpose of occupying the market. In addition, some poverty-stricken areas changed all or part of the color textbooks into black and white textbooks, which also reduced the company’s income. Coupled with the increase in the cost of corporate management, resulting in the country's books and periodicals national fixed-point enterprises are not economic benefits, profits have dropped significantly.

According to statistics, the loss of fixed-point enterprises in the country has reached 29.4%, plus some companies on the verge of losses, far more than 1/3 of the national fixed-point factory. The reasons for the increasing number of loss-making enterprises are also numerous: First, the lack of production tasks, coupled with the majority of old factories, outdated equipment, and lagging management. In the market competition, there is more than enough energy, always in a passive position, and second, the burden on enterprises is heavy. Many retired employees are making ends meet; the third is that the mechanism of rigid institutional mechanisms does not meet the requirements of the market, and these enterprises will eventually be eliminated by the market.

In short, in the face of so many loss-making book printing companies, the relevant departments should give sufficient attention.