Top ten functions of the oscilloscope

The oscilloscope is a commonly used electronic detection instrument and is widely used in many industries. We need to know the use of the oscilloscope when using the oscilloscope. The function of the oscilloscope must be mastered, which is very important for the user's use. Today, Xiaobian will introduce you to the top ten functions of the oscilloscope. I hope that I can help you.

Protocol decoding

Manual serial decoding of the serial oscilloscope based on the oscilloscope waveform display is time consuming and error prone. In this relatively simple I2C signal, there may be problems. Can you easily find this problem? Can you even tell what the signal stands for? To manually decode the packet, you need to find the header, data bits, and trailer. All data signal states (blue) are checked against the clock state (yellow) and converted to a hexadecimal value.

Manual decoding is compared here with the automatic decoding example. Simply define which channels the clock and data are on and define thresholds for determining the logical values ​​("1" and "0") to let the oscilloscope know the protocol being transmitted over the bus. At a moment, the serial data can be decoded and displayed, indicating the start bit, address bit, data bit, and end bit in the bus waveform display. For the I2C bus, address values ​​and data values ​​can be displayed in hexadecimal or in binary.

2. Network Analyzer

What should I do if I need to measure return loss (Sdd11) or insertion loss (Sdd21) but no TDR or VNA? You can use a high-bandwidth oscilloscope to perform some measurements similar to network analysis, although this seems to be somewhat beyond its scope of use, and There must be some limitations. Traditional frequency response time testing involves the measurement of fast pulses and the viewing of response FFTs. In addition to this measurement, you can measure return loss and insertion loss with some fairly basic settings.

For example, some high-speed standards (like PCI Express 3.0 and USB 3.0) include measurements with a long string of logic values ​​of "1" followed by a long string of "0"s. This constitutes a steady state condition or a low frequency state. The test pattern is then changed to a clock or 1010 pattern, also known as a Nyquist plot. A comparison of the front and rear voltage levels yields a nominal insertion loss value. More advanced techniques and custom signal excitation can be used to extract additional details.

3. Play a movie on a DVD drive

What can a large LCD screen be used for? You can be sure that you can watch the signal integrity analysis guide on the oscilloscope, but even more pleased, you can also watch the latest movies (but you can't watch 3D videos yet). .

4. Filtering

Do you need to measure low frequency signals with high bandwidth oscilloscopes but don't want high frequency noise? Many oscilloscopes have digital signal processing that can be filtered, including low pass filtering. Next time, when you want to measure a 100MHz clock on your 12GHz oscilloscope, you can use the bandwidth limit function for better signal-to-noise ratio and more accurate measurements.

5. Broadband radar test

Digital oscilloscopes already have FFT capabilities. As radars and other broadband RF systems enter the digital arena, oscilloscopes now have transient or wideband bandwidth RF signal analysis capabilities. You can perform pulse analysis, digital demodulation, and EVM measurements on wideband radar, high data rate satellite links, or frequency hopping communication systems without external downconverters.

6. Improve vertical resolution

Most oscilloscopes have an A/D resolution of 8 bits. With different acquisition modes, the vertical resolution can be increased by averaging adjacent samples as described below. So, how much resolution can be improved by averaging and using high resolution mode? In theory, the increase is 0.5Log2N, where N is the average of adjacent samples.

The reality is that a 2-byte memory depth limits this increase. The two bytes are 16 bits. One of the bits is reserved as a sign bit and the remaining 15 bits are used as data values. The rounding error causes the 14th and 15th bits to become random values, thereby making the actual limit become 13 bits. Therefore, the improvement can start from about six significant digits and can be increased to about 13 digits when the height is oversampled.

7. Oscilloscope-based signal generator

Because many oscilloscopes have computer I/O ports, such as USB ports or Ethernet ports, these ports can be used to generate test signals. Simply download the appropriate software (found on the website of many standards bodies) to activate the test mode and you have a signal generator.

8. Test file

If you want to analyze on an oscilloscope like most people, you may need to have some test files. Learn about the test reporting features in many integrated software analysis tools to save you some time. To be more efficient, you can automate the analysis and test report operations by remotely controlling instrumentation instructions. Even basic oscilloscopes have time-saving features for files, such as the “Save All” feature, which allows you to save screenshots, waveform data, and setup files with the push of a button.

9. Intelligent retrieval

Finding events of interest in long waveform records can be time consuming without the right search tools. Today, with record lengths of more than 1 million data points, locating your events may mean browsing thousands of signal activity screens. Use a software search tool to simplify browsing of long records. There is even a front panel controller that allows you to zoom and pan quickly, just like watching a video with a DVR. It is also convenient to automatically mark the occurrence of each defined event so that it can move quickly between events.

10. Trigger

The oscilloscope's trigger function performs simultaneous horizontal scanning at the correct point in the signal, which is indispensable for clear signal verification. The trigger controller allows you to stabilize the repetitive waveform and capture a one-shot waveform.

In high-speed debugging applications, your circuit may work 99.999% or longer. And it is .001% of the time that can cause your system to crash or is part of the waveform that you need to analyze in more detail. Advanced triggering features such as AB dual event triggering, window triggering, logic authentication, etc. all help isolate problems faster than searching millions of data samples after acquisition.

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