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Do not be late, straight into the topic. Usually we are always here to share with you the major revolution in the watch industry and technological achievements, but today we have unnaturally turned to watch the most obscure part of the watch, gear. When the major watch factories have to launch a variety of novelty or complex watch new features, new structure, the Patek Philippe is always quietly in the external watch information a little sentence in the sentence, in the Certain watch movement in the optimization of the gear shape. How to improve the gear, for Patek Philippe, why to improve the gear even more than the introduction of a complex function is even more significant. Why mechanical watch forever go wrong As you see, all the mechanical watches are not allowed to go wrong every day. Swiss official Observatory precision certified watches, daily travel error is also +6 / -4 seconds, even the Rolex Super Observatory, as the standard one of the highest standards of accuracy standards, the daily error will be +2 / -2 seconds, This is basically the limit of the mechanical watch. Members of the senior watch lovers are aware that the watch's travel time is determined by the frequency of the balance. However, whenever the swing of the watch balance changes (the degree of swing), the swing of the balance changes accordingly, so the accuracy of the watch will be affected. Regrettably, the balance is precisely not an ideal swinging device. Mechanical watch is essentially a four-speed transmission, accurate to say a four-stage acceleration device. This sounds obscure, in fact, very simple. Clockwork box in the watch only turn 3 to 4 laps a day, but it needs to pass two rounds, three rounds, four rounds (second round), escape wheel to achieve four great growth, these gears one by one turn Faster. This means that each gear is smaller and has fewer teeth than the previous gear (to be faster than the previous ones). Smaller gear means smaller force arm, although this allows a substantial increase in gear speed, while the power transmission in the process of transmission, but a significant reduction in the level of torque, transmitted to the escape wheel and balance wheel on the power will be There is a lot of volatility. Therefore, the balance of the watch balance is changing all the time (there will be about 20 degrees of change), so mechanical watches can not be without error, but the error of large and small problems. Watch industry how to solve this problem In fact, as early as the 17th century, forerunners in the watch industry discovered the problem and started to solve the problem. Due to technical conditions and knowledge of mechanical transmission is still relatively limited, the forerunner of the watch industry first to pay attention to the clockwork clockwork. According to Huck's law, a winding spring, the outer side of the clockwork more torque than the inner side of the clockwork, so the power output of the spring is not equal. Therefore, the forerunners of the watch industry, first of all add clockwork to the clockwork of the clockwork sesame chain, through the pagoda wheel on the sesame chain constantly changing the diameter of the chain, strong energy when the small diameter to reduce the torque; winding energy When weak, large diameter increases torque. So that the torque output to keep the torque steady. Sesame chain is also a watch constant force device, there are many mechanical clock. Later, the sesame chain disappeared slowly for two reasons. First, the size of the watch is very small Sesame chain pagoda wheel too space, only Lange, Breguet, Zenith individual watch factory for the purpose of displaying the technical strength is still being introduced; the second is the modern watch using S-shaped hair Article, after the start of the spring is S-shaped, this shape to solve the problem of the uneven spring torque of the early years. Mechanical watch The four-speed transmission (four-speed acceleration) in the gear transmission process allows a substantial decline in torque. This is also the clockwork, the fundamental impact on the accuracy of the time walking the greatest factor. The forerunners of the watch industry also discovered this problem a long time ago, but the issue of gear transmission is not easy to solve compared with the clockwork. In response to this problem, the forerunners of the watch industry developed a constant power unit, and until today there are still some watch factory in the development and launch of a watch with a new type of constant force device. Constant force device is not complicated principle (but to achieve its structure is often more complex), in the watch gear transmission chain to add a set of constant force spring and gear, whenever the watch power is transmitted to the constant force spring, the constant force spring will Accumulate this part of the energy and release the ability of the regular frequency (for example, once a second release). Without any doubt, the constant force device is an effective technical means. The constant force device creates a closer dynamic explosion point closer to the balance wheel and reduces the torque attenuation transmitted to the balance wheel. Facts have proved that constant force device effect is obvious, the use of constant force device watches, balance swing fluctuations are reduced and controlled at 10 degrees or even 5 degrees. Constant force device effective role has been a lot of watch factory attention. Lange 31-day dynamic watch power storage for up to 1 month, the constant force device in this watch has played a crucial role in ensuring that the watch during the 31-day operation of the power transmission stability, travel time is normal; Long Thanks to the jump-word display, the constant force device ensures a sufficient and stable torque-driven jump-word device; the Girard-Perpetan escapement watch adds an accumulator at the very end of the wristwatch transmission chain, which is also the position of the escapement / Release of energy silicon permanent spring, in the position closest to the balance to create a new explosive, the watch's pendulum, travel time and performance played a very good effect, the watch swing can be stabilized at an alarming 5 degrees . In addition, FPJ, Arnold & Son, DeWitt and other brands have launched watches with constant force devices. Constant force devices are perfect in terms of performance and effectiveness, but in reality the situation is not satisfying for everyone, because watches with constant force devices are expensive. Girard Perregaux constant escapement watch the price reached 97 million yuan, nearly a million price only a few people can afford. Constant force because of high technology equipment, production is small, it is impossible to mass production. So watch torque attenuation on the drive will not be solved? Patek Philippe made a key breakthrough on this issue, and achieved excellent results. Patek Philippe modified gear tooth shape. Patek Philippe modified gear shape effect The basic structure of the mechanical watch is very simple, from the barrel box barrel round, two rounds, three rounds, four rounds (second round), escape wheel, a five gear. The problem appeared in these five gears, Patek Philippe to solve the problem from these five gears. Five gears one by one acceleration, torque also will be a level down, in order to solve this problem, the industry conducted a large number of experiments. Patek Philippe on the traditional mechanical watch gear tooth shape a lot of research and found that the gear piece and the gear shaft in the process of engagement, the contact point in the gear and gear shaft connection near the center, the transmission efficiency of the highest; with the gear and gear Axis rotation, the contact point deviates from the center line when the transmission efficiency dropped sharply. Changes in the process is to affect the balance swing instability, the reasons why the watch is not allowed to go. After five gear drive, the torque continues to decline, the problem step by step amplification. Patek Philippe after the study of the gear changes, through the gear tooth shape, can make the torque transferred to the balance by half. After modifying the tooth shape, Patek Philippe has been able to halve the change in torsion normally detected. The swing detected by traditional gears changes between 22 degrees and 10 degrees. The Patek Philippe modified gear, swing change in 10 degrees to 5 degrees. And the average Patek Philippe watch swing than the average 5 degrees around the increase, we can see Patek Philippe watches from the clockwork to the balance wheel, the torque is higher than the average watch, which is to modify the gear teeth after the transmission efficiency improvement effect . The Swiss official observatory certification standard is a daily error of + 6 / -4 seconds, Rolex Super Observatory is + 2 / -2 seconds, Patek Philippe's mark is 0 / -2 seconds. The reason why Patek Philippe adjusts the error to -2 seconds (slower 2 seconds) is due to such a Patek Philippe 5960 such a chronograph, when the timer function is activated, because the watch also assigned a certain power to drive the timing module train, so Will lead to a slight drop of the watch swing, so start the timing function, swing down the watch may be slightly faster. -2 seconds make up the go faster error, to ensure that the opening timekeeping function, the watch can be accurate to 0 seconds error. This is the absolute strength behind Patek Philippe's low profile. Patek Philippe watch factory is not comparable to the general. Through our understanding of some technical data, we can see that the performance of the Patek Philippe after modification of the tooth profile has approached or even reached the level of the constant force device watch. Patek Philippe entry watch prices are currently around 140,000 yuan (the price of steel 5167), while the watch with a constant force device prices almost reached 1 million yuan. This is the Patek Philippe watch industry, a great contribution to watch lovers, watch performance improved, but the price did not change, do not even know the performance improvement in the watch. I was told that "Patek Philippe is only bought for life," and I did not understand many of the words many years ago. Later on, I slowly discovered that I would only buy Patek Philippe if I had enough abilities. Related navigation Patek Philippe column: http://www.chinawatchnet.com/Brands/87.html Patek Philippe Encyclopedia Patek Philippe (Patek Philippe) was founded in 1839. They are one of the only true independent watchmakers in Switzerland, producing everything from first to last, and it takes 10 years to train a Patek Philippe watchmaker. The symbol of watch lovers nobility is to have a Patek Philippe watch, noble artistic realm and expensive production materials shape Patek Philippe enduring brand effect. Antoine Norbert de Patek, the founder of Patek Philippe, was a brilliant and artistic talent since childhood. Due to the turmoil in Poland at that time, he participated in the Polish revolution in 1831 against Russian rule. After his defeat in the Polish Revolution, he fled to France and settled in Geneva, Switzerland, where he started to work in the clock and watch industry. Later, he became keenly aware of the great future of the watch industry and bought high-quality timepieces for self-assembly and sale, Business emerge. [Patek Philippe Wikipedia] This article is reproduced, does not represent the world position of million table.