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The Austrian company Guger Technology (g.tec) has developed a brain-computer interface that can be used to output simple information on the screen through ideas. According to the company, the interface can be used by people who can only turn their eyes to "speak" through text-to-speech software, or send short messages to other computer systems, including social networks. The company demonstrated the system at Cebit.Labs.
The system is called intendiX, and includes a hood filled with electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes, a pocket-sized brain wave amplifier, and a Windows application for brain wave analysis and decoding. The amplifier can be connected to a computer via Bluetooth so that users do not have to sit next to the computer. The company's target users are people whose family members need nanny help.
Traditional EEG analysis systems require a lot of training to understand the user ’s normal brainwave patterns and determine changes in key parameters, but intendiX only collects 5 to 10 minutes of brainwaves to obtain sufficient data. G.tec supports and Research engineer Markus Bruckner said.
IntendiX works through a device called P300 ERP to monitor the brain wave pattern. For example, after a similar flash stimulation, there is a 300 ms signal.
"This is the same as when you see the brake lights of the car in front of you," Bruckner said.
To enter a message using intendiX, the user must stare at a virtual keyboard that opens on the screen and displays each letter. The software blinks the letters in each column in turn until the user's brain reflects the blinking of the column containing the selected character, and then it blinks each row of the column until it detects a brainwave response: then "outputs" the Characters are detected at the intersection of rows and columns.
"It took 40 seconds to enter a character at the beginning, but in the laboratory, we reached 0.9 seconds per character," said Bruckner.
It took twenty years to reach the point where it is now: Larry Farwell and Emanuel Donchin's 1988 scientific paper, "Talking about your brain: Using brain wave changes to make mental prostheses", by detecting the P300's brain wave pair 6 The change of × 6 flashing letters and symbols can be communicated at a rate of 26 characters in 1 character rate or 2.3 characters in 1 minute.
Farwell and Donchin believe that this kind of mental prosthesis can be a way to help people in pain and help understand and communicate the needs of people with mobility difficulties.
Intendix can also be used, also for more relaxed purposes, such as social networking. "I have a Twitter interface," Bruckner said.
The company also showed another interface that can detect different brain waves ie steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP). Four white LEDs flash at different frequencies, and the system can use brain waves to determine which frequency to look at.
In the demonstration, g.tec used this brain-computer interface as a joystick to instruct the robot to move forward, backward, left or right, but the LEDs did not have to be together, said Armin Schnürer, g.tec ’s software engineering lead. For example, he said, light-emitting diodes can be placed on different objects around the room, such as door openers or light switches, to control environmental elements by looking at them.
Today, these two systems use "wet" electrodes, which collect brain waves through conductive glue under the skull, but the company is working on a new version of the dry working electrode, Bruckner said.
This is not the company's first participation in Cebit in Germany: it shows a brain interface the size of a shoe box. After several hours of training, he can play pong video games. This year's system is more compact and easier to use.
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