"PNAS": The Mystery of the Bottle Stopper

For wine, wines with metal caps are generally very cheap, and good quality wines mostly use cork stoppers. This is due to the soft and elastic nature of the natural cork stopper, which can seal the bottle well and not completely isolate the air, which is conducive to the slow development and maturity of the wine in the bottle, making the wine taste more mellow and round. But after a long time, the smell from the cork was quite a headache.

Previous research believed that this odor came from a chemical substance called 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole (TCA). Due to the presence of this substance, the wine stopper would emit Unpleasant smell such as musty smell.

However, a recent study by researchers from Osaka University in Japan pointed out that TCA is actually not an odor inducer, but a compound that can inhibit olfaction by inhibiting odor detection by olfactory cells. The results of this research were published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) on September 16.

The author of the article, Hiroko Takeuchi of Osaka University, said that controlling the influence of smell on the sense of smell is very important for winemaking. In this article, the researchers analyzed the role of TCA in detail through the study of salamander olfactory cells.

They found that a small amount of TCA can effectively inhibit the ability of cells to detect odors, and olfactory cells treated with TCA will produce a weaker electrical signal, which indicates that the activity of olfactory cells is reduced.

Although the results of this study did not explain the cause of wine cork taste and other food deterioration (researchers have found TCA in many stale foods, such as chicken, peanuts, Japanese sake, green tea and shrimp, etc.), but TCA ’s This effect, which leads to the reduction of odor, may cause the human body to produce a moldy sensation through another unique odor detection method.

The study also conducted volunteer tests. The researchers called in 20 volunteers. They found that when the wine was contaminated by TCA and other substances that caused unpleasant taste, the original smell of the wine was reduced.

These findings raise new perspectives on the detection of TCA, a chemical substance by olfactory cells, and also provide new ideas for further exploration of the sensory-response process of olfactory cells.

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