Determination of particle size distribution of porous materials by sedimentation method

The particle size distribution analysis using the sedimentation method is grounded in Stokes' law. When particles are suspended in a liquid, they settle at a rate that depends on their size. By measuring this settling velocity, we can determine the particle size distribution of the sample. However, for porous materials, the measured particle size distribution is influenced by the skeletal density, as the effective density of the particles differs from their bulk density. Therefore, to accurately analyze the particle size distribution of porous materials, it's essential to account for the skeletal density. In this study, Si-Al and aluminum hydroxide powders were analyzed using an X-ray sedimentation particle size analyzer from Mike Instruments, USA. The results revealed significant differences in the particle size distribution when different densities—such as bulk and skeletal density—were used for the Si-Al sample, which is a porous material. For aluminum hydroxide powder, calcination introduced a pore structure, and when the correct skeletal density was applied, the particle size distribution before and after pore formation showed clear and consistent results. This highlights the importance of using accurate density values to ensure reliable and comparable measurements. To achieve meaningful comparisons, the experimental conditions must be carefully controlled, especially regarding the density parameters. Without proper consideration of these factors, discrepancies in the results may arise, leading to misleading conclusions. The use of appropriate analytical techniques and accurate material properties is crucial for obtaining precise and reproducible particle size distribution data, particularly for complex materials like porous solids.

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