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Low superheat casting has been implemented to further reduce the tapping temperature of the converter. Based on the liquidus temperature and production experience for each steel grade, the superheat in the continuous casting tundish has been reduced from 30°C to 15°C. This reduction in superheat has led to a 15°C decrease in the argon treatment temperature before and after, laying a solid foundation for lowering the converter's tapping temperature. By optimizing this process, energy consumption is minimized, and overall efficiency is improved, contributing to better quality control and cost savings.
The slag splashing technology was developed by LTV Steel Company in the United States in 1991 as a new method for converter maintenance. The Indiana plant of LTV achieved over 15,000 furnace cycles by 1994. In 1997, China initiated trials of the slag splashing technique and successfully implemented it. In recent years, this technology has been widely adopted across China, bringing significant economic benefits. However, due to the relatively small tonnage of most converters in China, overloading is a common issue, leading to problems such as rising bottom levels, which reduce the effective furnace capacity. Additionally, issues like splashing guns and sticking hoods often occur during smelting, limiting the performance of the furnace. To fully leverage the advantages of Shandong Metallurgy’s technology and improve its application, several key process challenges related to slag splashing have been analyzed and discussed.
The slag-making process is carefully selected based on the principles of slag splashing protection. During the smelting process, the slagging procedure must not only ensure efficient dephosphorization and desulfurization but also account for the chemical corrosion of the slag on the furnace lining. The final slag’s MgO content is precisely controlled to meet the requirements of the slag splashing process, ensuring optimal conditions for protecting the furnace lining and extending its service life.
During the initial stage of the converter smelting process, the oxidation of silicon (Si) and manganese (Mn) in the molten iron occurs first, resulting in the formation of a large amount of SiOâ‚‚. If the lime used has low activity, its melting rate is slow, delaying the increase in slag basicity. As a result, the slag remains in a low-alkalinity state for a longer period, increasing the risk of erosion on the furnace lining. This early-stage slag attack can significantly affect the durability and stability of the converter lining, making it essential to manage the slag composition and reaction timing effectively.
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