U.S. designs micro lasers that can be used for optical data connections

American scientists wrote in the "Natural Photonics" magazine published on July 22 that they designed a new type of surface-emitting laser that is only 2 microns high, which can realize the optical connection on a single chip. The "petite" form factor of the new laser makes it easier for manufacturers to implement high-speed optical data connections on the microprocessors of next-generation computers at a lower cost, which ultimately significantly improves the computer's operating speed and energy efficiency.

For high-speed optical connections between computer cores, surface-emitting lasers are indispensable. But current surface-emitting lasers are as high as 20 microns to 30 microns, such a high laser is like a tower pressed on the chip.

Ma Zhenqiang, a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Zhou Weidong, a professor in the Department of Electronic Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington, have been working hard to "downsize" surface-emitting lasers. They proposed a solution: replace the reflector layer necessary for the design of traditional distributed Bragg reflector lasers with two highly reflective photonic crystal mirrors. Each mirror is composed of a complex semiconductor quantum well material and is placed together with a silicon nanofilm (a relatively thin silicon layer), and then a nanofilm is used to convert the printing process to a laser "downsizing". A layer of photonic crystals is equivalent to 15 to 30 layers of dielectric reflectors in traditional lasers. In this way, they make this 2 micron high laser used for optical data connection, and its performance is comparable to current lasers.

In addition to being larger, the reflectors of traditional lasers are made of materials that can only be grown at extremely high temperatures, which means that the chips that carry them may be damaged during the manufacturing process. The new laser is manufactured through a conversion printing process that can be performed at extremely low temperatures, and it requires less material, time, and effort to integrate the optical connection on the chip.

At present, optical data connections have appeared in the largest data networks, but when these optical data reach the home, they will encounter slower metal connections and wires. Ma Zhenqiang said: "In the future, you will see that every step of data transmission is dominated by optics. The last step is located in the chip and also has optical connections."

Zhou Weidong and Ma Zhenqiang founded the emerging company Semerane, and they hope to produce this functional new laser through the company so that it will eventually become part of the next generation of high-speed computer processors.

Ma Zhenqiang pointed out: "We believe that this laser will make the optical data connection more common. The coexistence of photonics and electronics on a chip will make it possible for multifunctional and energy-efficient super chips to be used in computing, communications, sensing, imaging Etc. In addition, processors equipped with new lasers are also expected to increase the speed of the information superhighway. "

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