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symptom. The early symptoms of shock are:
â— The skin is pale.
â— The pulse beats quickly.
â— Cold extremities.
â— Thirsty.
â— Cracked lips.
The common symptoms of shock are -
â— Dizziness, no direction, or inexplicable movement.
â— Weakness, weakness, trembling.
â— Cold sweats.
â— Reduced urination.
If shock is getting worse, it will produce the following symptoms -
â— Fast and weak pulse, or no pulse.
â— Irregular breathing.
â— Pupil enlargement, slow to respond to light.
â— Unconsciousness, eventually becoming unconscious and dead.
complication. If shock is not properly treated, it can lead to death, although the trauma that causes shock may not be severely fatal. In fact, people will enter shock even if they are not harmed.
heal. People who have been injured may experience shock. The injured person should receive the following treatment to prevent or control shock, regardless of shock symptoms.
â— If the patient is awake, place him on a flat surface and raise the lower limbs 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches).
â— If the patient has lost consciousness, ask him to lie on his side or face it down, with his head tucked to the side to prevent him from being vomited, blood, or other fluids.
â— If you are not sure what posture to use, lay the patient flat. If the patient has entered a state of shock, do not move him.
â— Keep the patient's body temperature. In some cases, the patient needs to be given heat from the outside.
â— If the patient is soaked, take off his wet clothes and put on dry clothes as soon as possible.
â— Use clothing, parachutes, branches, or other possible objects to plunge under the patient and separate it from the ground. Temporarily build a shelter to keep patients away from the outside world.
• Externally provide heat to patients in the following ways: hot drinks or food; pre-heated sleeping bags; his body temperature; pots of hot water; hot stones wrapped in clothing; or firing on both sides of the patient.
However, only when the patient is awake can he feed his hot beverage or food.
â— If the patient is awake, give him hot salt water. Broth, tea, or other hot drinks would be better.
â— Do not give him anything to drink if the patient loses consciousness or if the abdomen is injured.
â— The patient must rest at least 24 hours.
If you are alone, you should find a place to lie down, squat, under a tree or other place where you can avoid wind and rain, and make your head lower than your feet. Keep your body temperature as much as possible and rest for at least 24 hours (see Figure 3-8).
Other health risks
Insect bites, animal bites, exposed wounds, skin infections, and intestinal parasites are just some of the health hazards you encounter in your survival environment. Learn how to prevent these hazards (see Chapter 13, Chapter 16) and how to heal yourself when you encounter these problems.
Insect bites. During survival, insects and related pests endanger their health not only because of the uncomfortable nature of their bite, but also because some insects carry germs and some can cause severe allergic reactions. In other parts of the world, you may encounter serious or even deadly diseases that have never been encountered in the United States. such as--
â— Mosquitoes may carry malaria, dengue fever and other diseases.
â— Flies can transmit the virus through contact. They may be the source of narcolepsy, typhoid fever, cholera, and sometimes carry phlegm disease.
â— Fleas can spread the plague.
â— The lice will cause typhus and return fever.
â— The ticks may also carry and spread diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, which is common in many parts of the United States.
â— The venom of bees and wasps is dangerous for those who are allergic and may even be fatal.
If you are bitten by an insect, do not catch it because it may cause infection.
Check your body at least once a day to see if any bugs are lying on your body. If you find flat ticks on your body, use substances such as Vaseline, heavy oil, or sap to smear them. These substances will cut off their air source. Loosely open, this time you can take them away from you. Be careful to remove the entire tick, if you can, use tweezers and hold it to cover the part of your skin's mouth, but do not crush it. Wash your hands after catching the ticks, as body fluids on them may carry germs. Cleanse the wound daily until it heals.
If you are in an area where you have a lot of fleas, wash your skin thoroughly with soapy water and wash it several times.
If you are bitten by a bee or a wasp, drive them off immediately. If a toxic sac remains in the skin, scrape off with a fingernail or a blade. Do not pinch or squeeze them with your hands or with a forceps, as pinching will only force the venom into the wound. Wash the bite with soapy water to reduce the chance of secondary infection. Apply ice or cool compresses to the wound.
If you know or suspect that you are allergic to insect bites, carry your insect control bite items with you.
You can apply the following to the itch wounds to prevent itching and prevent other discomforts: a cold compress, a mixture of silt and wood ash, a dandelion sap, copra, or crushed garlic.
Other dangerous pests are spiders, crickets, scorpions and ants. Some spider venom-induced pain is the same as that caused by wasp bite. The pain after biting is similar to that of wasp. Scorpions have different toxicity depending on the species, and some may make you uncomfortable, and others may kill you. Biting ants may make some people extremely uncomfortable and have a strong allergic reaction. After being bitten by a spider or a raccoon, it is necessary to cleanse the wound extremely carefully and suck out or squeez out the toxin. If there is tobacco, chewing it on the wound can relieve the pain. Treating bites is as serious as treating trauma.
Animal bites. Although the possibility of being bitten by animals is lower than the possibility of insect bites, knowing how to treat animal bites is still very important. If there is no way to determine whether the animal is carrying rabies, it is assumed to have rabies, and if there is serum, it must be injected. Care should be taken to clean the wound. Treatment of the wound should be treated with external injuries.
Note: You can refer to how the locals treat spiders and animal bites, but be careful.
Snake bite. If you are familiar with snake species and habits, then the probability of being bitten by a snake is small, but as long as there is a possibility of being bitten, you should know how to heal snake bites. More than half of victims who are bitten by snakes do not become poisoned, and only one quarter of them have a physiological reaction to poisoning. In any case, the possibility of being bitten by snakes during survival will affect morale, and if you do not take preventive measures, or if you neglect to heal after biting, you will create unnecessary tragedies.
Regardless of the type of animal bite, the wound may be infected by bacteria in the animal's oral mucus. The same applies to non-toxic snake bites. This type of local infection is the main cause of subsequent injuries.
The panic after being bitten by a snake can also affect recovery. Excitement, hysteria, and panic accelerate blood circulation, allowing the body to absorb toxins faster.
Snake bites will rarely lead to death or permanent disability if quick and proper healing is obtained.
Before healing a snake's bite, first find out whether the biting of your snake is poisonous or non-toxic. If you do not see what the snake looks like, you can use the wound to determine if the snake is toxic.
All snakes have several rows of teeth, but some snakes have one or more pairs of canines (grooves or hollow large canines) through which they can inject venom into the bitten person. All snakes with fangs are considered poisonous.
Look for the following signs to judge whether your snake is poisonous: (Serious)
If you are sure that biting your snake is toxic, then take the steps given in Figure 3-9.
If you have anti-venom serum and you are sure that you are not allergic to the serum, then you should inject the serum.
If a medically trained person (a hygienist or doctor) is present, he will first give a 0.1 cc serum test to the injured person. If the injured person has an allergic reaction, but can perform intravenous infusion, he should take two infusion tubes. Roots lose serum, one to lose 0.4 to 1 cc of adrenaline in a ratio of 1 to 1000 (adrenaline is only required when the injured is allergic to the serum). If necessary, repeat every 5 to 10 minutes to keep the infusion tube open.
If the injured person is allergic to snake venom and is unable to perform intravenous infusion, the serum should be divided into small doses in batches.
Warning: The chance of obtaining an anti-venom serum is very small in the case of survival.
If the patient is allergic to the serum, one or two vial doses of serum may not only be unhelpful but harmful. For an adult poisonous snake to inject venom, it takes 15 to 20 vials of serum to be effective.
After the above rescue measures are carried out on the injured, the following measures need to be taken to minimize the effect of snake venom on the local tissue:
â— Remove necrotic tissue.
â— Beware of infection.
• If an infection has occurred, keep the wound open and clean, and remove rot-necrotic tissue if necessary. If scrubbing does not remove necrotic tissue and infection becomes more severe, consider aphid therapy.
â— Disinfectant or as clean as possible cloth can be placed on the wound as if the lead leads to pus outflow.
• Wash the wound daily with water or with freshly discharged urine (do not store urine in reserve).
• After 24 to 48 hours of infection, the heating of the baking wound can be used to prevent the spread of the local infection.
â— Wrap the wound with dry, sterile gauze.
â— Let the injured drink plenty of water until the infection is eliminated.
trauma. At the time of survival, all injuries are serious, not only because of traumatic tissue damage or blood loss, but also because the wound may be infected. The bacteria that cause you to be injured, or the bacteria on your skin, clothes, or other things, can cause infection if you touch the wound.
Proper treatment of wounds can reduce wound contamination and accelerate healing. Wash wounds as soon as possible after injury:
â— Take off or cut the clothes around the wound.
â— Thoroughly clean the skin around the wound.
◠Rinse (do not scrub) the wound with plenty of water—as much as possible with clean water. If there is no water, use fresh urine. The fresh urine has a disinfectant effect.
Warning: Remember not to apply common disinfectants, such as iodine, thimerosal, and mercury red syrup, to the wound without dilution. These solutions can cause further damage to the skin tissue. They can only be used on intact, undamaged skin.
Warning: Do not attempt to close the wound or similar measures and leave the wound open so that pus or infected material can escape.
â— Apply a clean compress to the wound and tie it with a bandage.
â— Change the compress every day to check if the wound is infected.
During the survival process, a certain degree of wound infection is almost unavoidable. The following symptoms occur after a wound infection: pain, redness, swelling of the wound, increased body temperature, and pus on the wound or compress.
The following measures can be taken to treat wound infections -
â— Put a damp hot compress on the wound and replace it with a new one after the compress becomes cool. Apply a total of about 30 minutes and apply 3 to 4 times a day.
â— discharge. Use a sterile device (knife, glass, or other similar device) to carefully open the wound and allow the pus to drain out. Carefully remove accumulated or crusted pus.
â— Apply a compress and wrap the wound.
â— Drink plenty of water.
â— Repeat the above measures daily until the infection is eliminated.
During World War I, wolfberry was used to treat wound infections. However, before you decide to eat infected necrotic tissue with ticks, note the following:
â— You must expose the wound to attract flies in order to bring about paralysis. But because of the dirty living habits of flies, they are very likely to bring other bacteria and may cause more complications.
â— If rotted necrotic tissue is consumed, or if it cannot provide normal supply, it will erode fresh, healthy tissue.
If you do not have antibiotics, and the wound infection is already very serious, can't heal, and you can't perform normal expansion surgery to remove wound rot tissue, then you should consider aphid therapy.
Locust therapy steps are as follows: (Sequentially omitted)
Skin infections. Although acne, fungal infections, and lice can rarely cause serious health problems, they can make you uncomfortable and you should treat them.
Scabies. Apply a hot compress to the acne so that the pus head grows. Then use a sterile knife, wire, needle, or similar piece to open the pus. Wash the pus thoroughly with soap and water, then wrap the wound and check regularly to make sure there are no further infections.
Fungal infections. Keep your skin clean and dry. Expose the infected part as much as possible to direct sunlight. Do not use it. Do not use heavy drugs such as iodine and alcohol. You cannot burn the fungus.
Dice. The place where you keep your oysters is clean and dry. If you have, you can use powder. Cold compresses also help relieve itching.
Intestinal parasites. Proper precautions usually prevent the production of worms or other intestinal parasites. For example, never barefoot. The best way to prevent intestinal parasites is: Do not eat uncooked meat and do not eat raw vegetables because they are likely to be contaminated by untreated sewage or manure (Night fragrance) manure. If you have already had parasites in your intestines and lack the necessary medicines, then you can try some of the following methods, but keep in mind that these methods are not without danger. Most of the following methods are to change the gastrointestinal environment.
brine. Mix 4 tablespoons of salt in 1 quart (1.1 liters) of water and drink. Do not reuse this method.
tobacco. Smoke one and a half cigarettes. Nicotine in cigarettes kills worms, or faints them for long enough, then discharges them. If the situation is serious, repeat this treatment within 24 hours to 48 hours. Remember not to repeat too quickly.
kerosene. Drink two tablespoons of kerosene and don't drink too much. If necessary, repeat the treatment within 24 hours to 48 hours, but repeat it too quickly.
Hot pepper. It only works when pepper is part of your normal diet. You can eat it directly or put it in soup, rice or meat dishes.
Dysentery. This is a common, debilitating problem. It may be due to one of the following reasons: dissatisfaction with water and soil; drinking contaminated water; eating spoiled foods; fatigue; or the use of dirty dishes. If you have diarrhea and there is no antidiarrheal medicine, you can try one of the following:
â— Limit the intake of fluids within 24 hours.
â— Drink a cup of tea every two hours until the frequency of diarrhea drops or stops. Tannins in tea can effectively stop diarrhea. The hardwood bark also contains tannins, which boils the bark for more than two hours to release the tannins. Although this soup is very unpleasant and very difficult to drink, it is effective in most cases. Stop diarrhea.
• Use a handful of lime, or a handful of charcoal, or dried ashes, plus treated water to make a mixture (the mixture must reach pectic acid concentrations), if apple paste, or the peel of citrus fruits, It will be more effective if added to the mixture in the same proportion. Take two tablespoons every two hours until the frequency of diarrhea drops or stops.
You must drink plenty of water to supplement the body's lost water.
Burns. The following measures can properly reduce the pain caused by burns, may help in the cure, but also protect the wound from infection.
• Soak a cloth or a clean cloth in a boiled tannic acid solution (tea, or a solution of boiled hardwood bark) for 10 minutes.
â— After compressing or compressing a clean cloth, apply it to the wound.
Warning: Do not apply grease to the burned area.
Herbal medicine
In today's society, there are a variety of magical medicines, excellent equipment and equipment, and the treatment methods of ancient “country doctors†— measurement, common sense, and some original treatment methods — have long been forgotten. But in many other parts of the world, people still rely on local witch doctors or warlocks for treatment. Many herbs (plants) and medicines are as effective as modern medicine. In fact, many modern medicines come from modified herbs. For example, the white filaments in the citrus peel and the pulp (apple paste) after apple juice extraction contain pectin. Mix the citrus peel or apple paste with lime and you will get the original pectic acid.
However, you still have to use herbs with great care. Only try herbal medicines when you lack medicines. Some herbs are very dangerous and may cause further damage and even cause death.
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