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While 3D printing technology has brought significant scientific and technological advancements, the high cost of consumables remains a major challenge that increases overall production expenses. To cut costs and improve resource efficiency, companies can take the lead in adopting innovative solutions. Recently, researchers from the Open Sustainable Technology (MOST) lab at the Michigan Institute of Technology published a paper titled "In Situ Formation of Substrate Release Mechanisms for Gas Metal Arc Welding Metal 3D Printing." This research focuses on the removal of substrates during metal 3D printing and highlights the feasibility of using reusable substrates to enhance economic efficiency.
Microscopic image of substrate and metal 3D printed object interface
The study, led by Amberlee S. Haselhuhn, Bas Wijnen, Gerald C. Anzalone, Paul G. Sanders, and Joshua M. Pearce, explores the reuse of substrates in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) metal 3D printing. Their developed release system is well-suited for GMAW technology, which is considered a more cost-effective method of metallic 3D printing. In this process, a gas-protected metal wire is fed through a consumable nozzle heated by an electrode, with the heat generated by the arc between the wire and the substrate.
In their experiment, the researchers used an open-source 3D printer designed specifically for GMAW technology. A three-axis table was used to hold the substrate, while the welder melted aluminum or steel to create layers for 3D printing. As a result, the final 3D object becomes strongly bonded to the substrate. The main objective of the study was to develop a reusable substrate, eliminating the need to remove it after printing, thus reducing waste and improving sustainability in the 3D printing process.
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