The basic composition of the network

Although there are many definitions of the word network, most people support that the network is a connection of two or more computers. Once the computer is connected to the network, people can share files and external devices over the network, such as modems, printers, tape backup drives, or CD-ROM drives. When people surf the Internet through a telecommunications network, they can send e-mails, connect to the Internet, or realize remote video conferencing and Other functions.

Each network includes:

At least two computers;

On each computer there is a network interface (through which the computer can talk to the network), commonly referred to as a network interface card (NIC) or adapter.

Connect the media, although network computers and peripherals can also be connected indefinitely, but the most common connection is wire or cable.

Network operating system software, such as Microsoft's Windows 95 or Windows NT, Novell NetWare, Appleshare, or Artisoft LANtastic.

Even a network with only two computers will include a hub or switch as a connection point between the computers.

As the network continues to expand, the number of computers connected to the network is also increasing. At this time, one of the machines is used as a server to serve as a central storage point for storing files and software on the network. The server also provides the ability to connect to shared peripherals, such as printers. Using a dedicated computer as a server can prevent each network computer from being configured with a large amount of memory, and double peripherals. The computer that connects to the server is called a client.

If there are only a few computers on the network, there is no need to set up a server. At this time, each machine on the network is equal. Users can exchange files, send e-mails, copy files on any hard disk, and even use a printer connected to another machine. However, if there are many machines connected to the network, a dedicated server is required as a central point to complete the management tasks, such as file backup and software upgrades.

Basic network components - wires and cables

There are three types of network wires (also called connection media):
The latest industry standard is twisted pair. This type of wire is an excellent specification: Unshielded (UTP) Category 3 twisted pair, usually used for telephone lines; Unshielded (UTP) Type 5 twisted pair, usually used as a network cable.

Coaxial cable light is used on cable television.
Although in some special environments high-interference cables are used for connection between desktop workstations and networks and between two buildings, optical cables are often used to connect “backbone” devices in large networks. Optical fiber cable is the most reliable connection medium, and it is also the most expensive connection method.

Be careful when choosing cables for your company or building. The first thing to determine is that the cables that go through the roofs and walls not only meet the needs of the present, but also consider the conditions of an upgrade after a few years. For example, Ethernet (extranet) should use unshielded (UTP) Category 3 twisted pair. High-speed Ethernet (extranet) requires at least a higher level of unshielded (UTP) Category 5 twisted pair. Perhaps the final result is that all newly installed cables should be Category 5 cables. It may also be necessary to develop some high-voltage cables that will pass through different types of heating and cooling pipes when the roof is routed. Check the wiring structure or keep an eye on the cabling contractor to ensure that the arrangement of the cable and the fire protection channel are in the same direction.

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