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1. The IC card is also called "integrated circuit card", and its integrated circuit is a standard serial EEPROM. The smart card, the English title "IntegratedCircuitCard" or "Smartcard", was created by the Frenchman Roland Moreno in 1974. The integrated circuit chip with storage, encryption and data processing capabilities is packaged in a plastic substrate of the same size as the credit card. Form an IC card.
2. IC card encryption memory card and non-encrypted memory card non-encrypted memory card: the integrated circuit in the card is a standardized serial EEPROM.
Add password storage card: The integrated circuit in the card is a serial EEPROM with encryption logic.
EEPROM: A storage circuit that can be erased all at once by electrical means, or erased in bytes, and then rewritten.
3. Comparison of IC card and other cards Because IC cards use the most advanced semiconductor manufacturing technology and information security technology, IC cards have the following characteristics related to other types of cards:
(1) Large storage capacity: It has internal RAM, ROM, EEPROM, and other memories. The storage capacity can be up to megabytes, and it can store various information such as text, sound, graphics, images, and so on.
(2) Small size, light weight, strong anti-interference, easy to carry and easy to use.
(3) High security: The IC card implements its security strategy from several aspects, such as hardware and software, and can control the access characteristics of different areas in the card. The encrypted IC card itself has a security password. If you try to illegally stop the data access, the card will be self-destructive and you can no longer stop reading and writing.
(4) The request for the network is not high: the security of the IC card makes it possible to reduce the real-time and sensitive requests of the computer network in the application environment, which is very suitable for the current national conditions and is conducive to use in an environment with low network quality.
(2) Characteristics According to different manufacturers' chips and different chips consumed by the same manufacturer, IC cards have their own detailed features (see related materials), but in terms of their characteristics, there are the following points. Now compared with magnetic cards.
1. Storage capacity:
The magnetic card can only store a few hundred bytes at most, and the magnetic strip can also be used as a passive storage intermediary. The IC card can store 1 Mbytes, and the storage area can be divided and have different access levels.
2. Cryptography
The magnetic card has no control circuit, so its internal data read and write cannot be safely controlled. The reading technology is also second and mechanical, and the IC card can control the circuit to stop reading and writing its internal data, and erase control. The reading technology is random. .
3. Network dependencies:
When the magnetic card is used, it must ensure the strong real-time between the terminal and the cash register. Once the cash register or the network is faulty, the whole system will be paralyzed, and the IC card can store a large amount of data, and is controlled by the logic circuit. The operation is completely completed by the terminal, completely rid of the terminal's dependence on the network.
4. Life expectancy:
The magnetic card has a short service life, and its normal life span is between two months and one year, while the IC card has no artificial damage life of more than ten years.
5. Anti-interference:
The magnetic card is poor in anti-magnetic, anti-static, waterproof, etc., and the magnetic strip can not be rubbed, and the IC card is strong in these aspects, but the chip should be kept clean.
6. Anti-counterfeiting:
The magnetic card is easy to forge, and the IC card itself has a strong logical encryption, so the counterfeiting rate is almost zero.
7. The IC card reading and writing device is simpler and more reliable than the magnetic card reading and writing device, and is easy to implement and maintain.
(3). IC card storage structure:
Different chips have different storage structures, and it is now simple to introduce common conditions:
The IC card is equivalent to a storage area, which can be divided into one unit in this area. Each unit is a stored data and is placed in each unit. It can specify a unit to store a certain data, and can be randomized. Storage. Some IC cards are divided into different areas, each of which has its own unique nature but is stored in the same way for each area.
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